Sentetik piretroitli pestisitlere dirençli bir Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae) popülasyonunun hayat tablosu parametrelerine azadirachtin'in etkisi
Bu çalışmada, laboratuvar koşullarında sentetik piretroitlere dirençli bir ikinoktalı kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch popülasyonuna azadirachtin etkili maddeli bir formülasyonun (Fortune AZA % 3EC) zehirliliği hayat tablosu testiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Akarlar uygulama yapılmış ve yapılmamış elma (Malus domestica Borkh.) yapraklarından kesilmiş yaprak diskler üzerine yerleştirilmiş ve ergin öncesi dönemlerin gelişme süreleri, ölüm oranları, ömür uzunlukları ve bıraktıkları yumurta sayıları günlük olarak takip edilmiştir. Bu popülasyon üzerinde yapılan biyodemografik çalışmalar, 64 ppm’lik azadirachtin dozunun ergin öncesi dönemlerin canlı kalma oranını, dişilerin ömrünü ve yumurtlama miktarını azalttığını göstermiştir. Buna ek olarak azadirachtin uygulamaları bu popülasyonun net üreme oranı (R0), kalıtsal üreme yeteneği (rm) ve sınırlanma oranını (λ) düşürmüştür. Bu sonuçlar Fortune AZA % 3EC’nin sentetik piretroitli ilaçlara kırmızı örümcek direncinin görüldüğü elma bahçelerinde kullanılabileceğini işaret etmektedir. Ancak bulguların arazi çalışmalarıyla desteklenmesi gerekmektedir.
Effect of Azadirachtin to life table parameters of a resistant Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae) population to synthetic pyrethroid pesticides
Toxicity of an azadirachtin-based formulation (Fortune AZA %3EC) against a resistant population of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch to synthetic pyrethroid pesticides was evaluated by life table analysis in laboratory conditions. Mites were placed on treated and untreated apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) leaf disks and their development time, mortality, longevity and fecundity were daily assessed. Biodemographic studies on the population showed that the survival of immature stages and longevity and fecundity of females were reduced by 64 ppm dose of azadirachtin, in addition, the net reproductive rate (R0), the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and the finite rate of increase (λ) of the strain were decreased by azadirachtin treatments. These results pointed out that the Fortune AZA %3EC could be applied in orchards which have spider mite resistance against synthetic pyrethroid pesticides. However, the outcomes have to be verified by field studies.
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