Aslı AKSOY GÜNDOĞDU, Seval ENE YALÇIN, İlker KÜÇÜKOĞLU, Nursel ÖZTÜRK

ELEKTRİKLİ KAMYONLAR İÇİN AÇIK UÇLU ROTALAMA OPTİMİZASYONU

Son yıllarda lojistik sektörü kaynaklı çevresel problemlerin önüne geçilmesi ve enerji tüketim miktarının azaltılmasına yönelik çalışmalar ağırlık kazanmıştır. Elektrikli araç kullanımı, lojistik sektöründe bu amaçla uygulanabilecek yenilikçi yaklaşımlardan bir tanesidir ve yaygın olarak çalışılan konulardan biridir. Bu çalışma kapsamında lojistik sektöründe elektrikli kamyonların kullanılması durumunda rota optimizasyonu yapan bir matematiksel model geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Elektrikli araç rotalama problemi, açık uçlu araç rotalama konsepti ile birlikte dikkate alınmıştır. Problemin çözümü için karışık tamsayılı programlama modeli önerilmiştir ve probleme, toplam mesafe minimizasyonu, kullanılan toplam araç sayısı minimizasyonu ve harcanan toplam enerji miktarı minimizasyonu olmak üzere üç farklı amaç fonksiyonu tanımlanmıştır. Önerilen model, örnek problemler üzerinde test edilerek doğrulanmış ve farklı amaç fonksiyonları için karşılaştırmalı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Ulaşılan sonuçlar, önerilen model ile küçük boyutlu gerçek hayat uygulamalarında kısa işlem süreleri ile optimum sonuçların elde edilebileceğini göstermiştir. Elektrikli araçların rota optimizasyonu yapılarak lojistik kaynaklı çevre kirlenmesinin azaltılacağı ve enerji verimliliği sağlanacağı öngörülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Elektrikli kamyon, Karışık tam sayılı programlama, Rota optimizasyonu

Open Electric Trucks Routing Optimization

In recent years, efforts have been focused on preventing environmental problems caused by the logistics sector and reducing the amount of energy consumption. The use of electric vehicles is one of the innovative approaches that can be applied for this purpose in the logistics sector and is one of the widely studied issues. In the scope of this study, it is aimed to develop a mathematical model that optimizes the route in case of using electric trucks in the logistics sector. The problem of electric vehicle routing is taken into account integrated with the concept of open vehicle routing. A mixed integer programming model is proposed for solving the problem and three different objective functions are defined; total distance minimization, minimization of the total number of used vehicles and total energy consumption minimization. The proposed model is tested on the sample problems, the model is verified and comparative results are obtained for different objective functions. The obtained results show that the proposed model can achieve optimum results with short processing times in small sized real life applications. It is anticipated that the route optimization of electric vehicles will reduce environmental pollution caused by logistics sector and provide energy efficiency.

Keywords:

Electric trucks, Mixed integer programming, Route optimization,

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