Yeşil Sentez ile Propolis Temelli Gümüş Nanopartikül Sentezlenmesi ve Biyokimyasal Karakterizasyonu

Propolis; bal arılarının kovanlarını farklı tehditlere karşı savunmak amacıyla bitkilerin farklı kısımlarından topladıkları ve kovanlarında depoladıkları bir maddedir. Propolis, bitkisel mumlar, esterler, yağ asitleri, uçucu bileşenler ve fenolik bileşiklerce zengin bir üründür. Zengin fenolik içeriği propolisi potansiyel bir indirgen kılmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışmada propolis temelli gümüş nanopartiküller yeşil sentez tekniği kullanılarak elde edildi. Elde edilen gümüş nanopartiküllerin 425 nm’de maksimum absorbansa sahip olduğu ve boyutlarının 67 ile 75 nm arasında değiştiği tespit edildi. Propolis ekstraktı FT-IR verileri incelendiğinde 3200 cm-1'deki bant fonksiyonel -OH gruplarını temsil eder. 2919-2850 cm-1'deki bant CH gerilmesinden, 1634 cm-1'deki bant C=C, C=O veya NH gerilmesinden, 1508 cm-1’deki bant aromatik C=C gerilmesinden ve 1451 cm-1 'deki bant CH3, CH2, flavonoidler ve aromatik halkaların CH gerilmesinden kaynaklanır. Propolis ekstraktı ve gümüş nanopartiküllerin toplam fenolik madde miktarları sırasıyla 176,42±0,18 ve 122,63±0,23 mg GAE/mL olarak belirlenmiştir. P-AgNPs’lerin α-amilaz ve α-glukozidaz enzimleri IC50 değerleri sırasıyla 47,08 ± 0,002 ve 52,18 ± 0,001 µg/mL olarak tespit edildi. α-Amilaz ve α-glukozidaz inhibisyonu diyabet tedavisinde hala geçerli bir yaklaşımdır. Elde edilen nanopartiküllerin ilgili enzimler üzerine yüksek inhibisyon etkisi diyabet tedavisi potansiyelleri olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca bu çalışmanın, propolis kullanılarak ucuz ve bol miktarda nanopartikül elde edilebildiğini göstermesi, apiterapi uygulamalarında kullanılabilecek nanopartikül içeren yeni ürünlerin geliştirilmesine de katkı sunacağı söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Yeşil sentez, çevre dostu, Diabetes mellitus, enzim inhibisyonu

GREEN SYNTHESIS AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPOLIS BASED SILVER NANOPARTICLES

Propolis is a substance collected by honey bees from different parts of plants. Honey bees store it in their hives in order to defend against different threats. Propolis is a bee-product rich in plant waxes, esters, fatty acids, volatile components and phenolic compounds. It`s rich phenolic content makes propolis a potential reducer for Ag+ to Ag. In this study, propolis-based silver nanoparticles were obtained using the green synthesis technique. It was determined that the obtained silver nanoparticles had a maximum absorbance at 425 nm and their sizes ranged from 67 to 75 nm. When the FT-IR data of propolis extract is examined, the band at 3200 cm-1 represents functional -OH groups, the band at 2919-2850 cm-1 represents C-H stretching, the band at 1634 cm-1 represents C=C, C=O or NH stretching, the band at 1508 cm-1 represents aromatic C=C stretching and the band at 1451 cm-1 originate from the C-H stretching of CH3, CH2, flavonoids and aromatic rings. Total phenolic content of propolis extract and silver nanoparticles was determined as 176.42±0.18 and 122.63±0.23 mg GAE/mL, respectively. IC50 value of P-AgNPs for α-amylase and α-glycosidase enzyme inhibition was defined as 47.08 ± 0.002 and 52.18 ± 0.001 µg/mL, respectively. Inhibition of α-Amylase and α-glycosidase is still a valid approach in the treatment of diabetes. The high inhibition effect of the obtained nanoparticles on the related enzymes shows that they have diabetes treatment potential. In addition, showing that cheap and abundant nanoparticles can be obtained by using propolis, this study may contribute to the development of new products containing nanoparticles that can be used in apitherapy applications.

Keywords:

Green synthesis, eco-friendly, Diabetes mellitus, enzyme inhibition,

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