Munir AHMAD

4520

Saha Koşullarında Ayçiçeği Böcek Tozlaştırıcılarının Çeşitliliği ve Yayılma Davranışı

Bu çalışma Pakistan, Rawalpindi Arid Tarım Üniversitesinde araştırma çiftliğinde yapılmıştır.Çalışmada Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.) bitkisinde tozlaştırıcıların, Apis ve Apis cinsine bağlı olmayan arıların farklı davranış, faaliyet ve tozlaşma üzerine etkilerinin araştırılması ve keşfedilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Burada sözkonusu böcek topluluğu 18 tür olarak 7 aileye ve üç takıma aittir.Apis mellifera ve Xylocopa fenestrate günün erken saatlerinde %44 ve %14 azami faaliyet gösteren ve en sık görülen ziyaretçilerdir. Gün ortasında ziyaret sıklığı önemli olmazken bu iki türün erken ve geç saatlerde ziyaret sıklığı önemli derecede değişmektedir. Bu çalışma aynı zamanda ziyaret seviyesine ve bir çiçek tablasında geçen zamanıda kapsamaktadır. Tüm bu bulgular kendine tozlaşma ile karşılaştırıldığında tabla çapını, tabladaki toplam tohum sayısı, dolu tohumlar, tohumların dolgunluk yüzdesi ve tohum ağırlığının önemli derecede artmasına katkı sağlamıştır. Ticari olarak çalışan arıcıların arılarının yanı sıra yabanı tozlaştırıcıların varlığı verimin ve gen havuzunun çapraz tozlaşma ile karışması sonucu iyi tohum potansiyelinin artmasına yardımcı olabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

Tarımsal üretim, Çeşitlilik, Yayılmacı, Böcek tozlaştırıcılar, Ayçiçeği, Arılar

DIVERSITY OF SUNFLOWER INSECT POLLINATORS AND THEIR FORAGING BEHAVIOR UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

To discover the pollinator community of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and different aspects of behavior, activity and pollination effect of Apis and non Apis bees, an experiment was performed at the research farm of Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The insect pollinator community was composed of eighteen species belonging to seven families and three insect orders. Apis mellifera and Xylocopa fenestrata were the most frequent visitors comprising 44% and 14% with maximum activity observed during early day hours.Visitation frequency of these two pollinators significantly varied at early and late observation times with no significant differences observed during the mid-day. The study also covered other aspects including visitation rate and duration of a single visit on flower heads. These also contributed significantly in increase of head diameter, total number of seeds per head, filled seeds, seed filling percentage and seed weight when compared with self-pollination.Presence of wild pollinators with commercial bee keepers can help in increase of crop yields and their good seed potential due to improvement of crossing of gene pool. 
Keywords:

Crop yield, Diversity, Foraging, Insect pollinators, Sunflower, Bees,

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Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi-Cover
  • Başlangıç: 2001
  • Yayıncı: U.Ü.Arıcılık Geliştirme-Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi
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Thiamethoxam’ın Yapay Çiçeklerde Seçenekli Olarak Verildiğinde Yayılmacı Arıların Davranışı Üzerindeki Etkileri

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