Mansoor HAMEED, Sana FATİMA, Farooq AHMAD, Muhammad ASHRAF, Maryam MARYAM, Muhammad Sajid Aqeel AHMAD, Iftikhar AHMAD, Ummar IQBAL

Ultrastructural response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines to potential allelopathy of Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. leaf extract

An investigation was carried out to evaluate the impact of the allelopathic effect of Alstonia scholaris leaf extract on morphoanatomical and physiological characteristics of 5 wheat lines. Three extract dilutions were prepared, viz. 0 (control), 15 and 30% of the aqueous extract and sprayed on wheat lines (3094, 5066, M5082, 7076 and A2011) at 15-day intervals until maturity from November 2017 to May 2018. All wheat lines responded differently to an allelochemical extract of A. scholaris. Disintegration of root parenchyma and transformation of stem chlorenchyma to sclerenchyma in stems were noted in Line 3094. Increased sclerification in the root cortex (141.7-212.5 mu m) and stem hypodermal region (212.5-354.2 mu m) was recorded in Line 5066. Line M5082 showed intensive sclerification in the root cortex and vascular region, and around stem vascular bundles along with a significant decrease in leaf thickness. Line 7076 was the most sensitive genotype showing significant reduction in the stem (1402.8-821.8 mu m) and root area (963.5791.9 mu m) and leaf thickness (1346.2-396.8 mu m). Line A2011 responded very differently by increasing proportion of parenchyma and sclerenchyma. A low concentration (15%) of allelochemical extract promoted growth and development and a high concentration (30%) was toxic, causing growth retardation and tissue damage.

Keywords:

Chlorenchyma, devil tree, leaf thickness, parenchyma, sclerenchyma,

PDF

___

Abu-Romman S., 2011, World Applied Sciences Journal, V15, P947
ALBUQUERQUE MBD, 2011, AGRON SUSTAIN DEV, V31, P379, DOI DOI 10.1051/AGR0/2010031
Arioli T, 2015, J APPL PHYCOL, V27, P2007, DOI 10.1007/s10811-015-0574-9
Arulmozhi S., 2007, Pharmacognosy Reviews, V1, P163
Aulya Nailul Rahmi, 2018, Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science, V41, P1193
Bais HP, 2003, SCIENCE, V301, P1377, DOI 10.1126/science.1083245
Banerjee N, 2015, INT J RECENT RES LIF, V2, P62
Barkosky RR, 2000, J CHEM ECOL, V26, P2095, DOI 10.1023/A:1005564315131
Bartwal A, 2013, J PLANT GROWTH REGUL, V32, P216, DOI 10.1007/s00344-012-9272-x
Batish DR, 2006, AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON, V113, P399, DOI 10.1016/j.agee.2005.09.020
Benyas E, 2010, ROM BIOTECH LETT, V15, P5223
Bhadoria P. B. S., 2011, American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, V1, P7
BLUM RW, 1993, J ADOLESCENT HEALTH, V14, P570, DOI 10.1016/1054-139X(93)90143-D
Bouchagier P., 2008, Journal of Agronomy, V7, P49
Bughio FA, 2013, PAK J BOT, V45, P97 .
Burgos NR, 2004, J CHEM ECOL, V30, P671, DOI 10.1023/B:JOEC.0000018637.94002.ba
Cai XH, 2008, ORG LETT, V10, P577, DOI 10.1021/ol702682h
Chai TT, 2013, BOT STUD, V54, DOI 10.1186/1999-3110-54-8
Channa S, 2005, J ETHNOPHARMACOL, V97, P469, DOI 10.1016/j.jep.2004.12.009
Chon SU, 2002, CROP PROT, V21, P1077, DOI 10.1016/S0261-2194(02)00092-3
Christensen JH, 1998, PLANT PHYSIOL, V118, P125, DOI 10.1104/pp.118.1.125
Cruz-Ortega R, 1998, J CHEM ECOL, V24, P2039, DOI 10.1023/A:1020733625727
Donaldson LA, 2001, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, V57, P859, DOI 10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00049-8
dos Santos WD, 2008, J CHEM ECOL, V34, P1230, DOI 10.1007/s10886-008-9522-3
dos Santos WD, 2004, J CHEM ECOL, V30, P1203, DOI 10.1023/B:JOEC.0000030272.83794.f0
El-Askary HI, 2012, NAT PROD RES, V26, P1755, DOI 10.1080/14786419.2011.608848
El-Sahhar K. F., 2011, Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, V5, P56
Elansary HO, 2016, PLANT PHYSIOL BIOCH, V105, P310, DOI 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.05.024
Emamjamaati A, 2016, INT J FARMING ALLIED, V5, P509
Feitoza RBB, 2018, S AFR J BOT, V116, P142, DOI 10.1016/j.sajb.2018.03.005
Fujii Y, 2000, J WEED SCI TECHNOLOG, V45, P80, DOI DOI 10.3719/WEED.45.SUPPLEMENT_80
Gatti AB, 2010, ACTA BOT BRAS, V24, P454, DOI 10.1590/S0102-33062010000200016
Gniazdowska A., 2015, REACTIVE OXYGEN NITR, P155, DOI DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-1079-1J
Hussain MI, 2011, J EXP BOT, V62, P4533, DOI 10.1093/jxb/err161
Inderjit, 2003, PLANTA, V217, P529, DOI 10.1007/s00425-003-1054-z
Inderjit, 2011, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V26, P655, DOI 10.1016/j.tree.2011.08.003
Inderjit, 2005, J PLANT INTERACT, V1, P69, DOI 10.1080/17429140600622535
Irshad A, 2005, P 4 WORLD C ALL EST, P21
Javaid A, 2010, PAK J BOT, V42, P3651 .
Jose S, 1998, PLANT SOIL, V203, P199, DOI 10.1023/A:1004353326835
Khyade MS, 2014, J ETHNOPHARMACOL, V153, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.jep.2014.01.025
Lam TBT, 2001, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, V57, P987, DOI 10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00052-8
Macabeo APG, 2005, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, V66, P1158, DOI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.02.018
Macias Francisco A, 2003, Biol Sci Space, V17, P18, DOI 10.2187/bss.17.18
Macias FA, 2007, PEST MANAG SCI, V63, P327, DOI 10.1002/ps.1342
Mancuso S., 2006, Advances in Horticultural Science, V20, P156
Maqbool N., 2013, ALLELOPATHY, P451, DOI [10. 1007/978-3-642-30595-5, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-30595-5_19]
Naseem M., 2009, PAKISTAN J WEED SCI, V15, P107
Novaes P, 2013, ACTA SCI-AGRON, V35, P231, DOI 10.4025/actasciagron.v35i2.16166
Olivoto T., 2017, African Journal of Agricultural Research, V12, P71, DOI 10.5897/ajar2016.11677
Pereira LAR, 2017, ALLELOPATHY J, V42, P3, DOI 10.26651/2017-42-1-1102
Coelho EMP, 2017, J CHEM ECOL, V43, P725, DOI 10.1007/s10886-017-0865-5
Pina GO, 2009, ALLELOPATHY J, V23, P313 .
RASCHKE K, 1985, PLANTA, V163, P105, DOI 10.1007/BF00395904
Reddy KN, 2003, WEED TECHNOL, V17, P28, DOI 10.1614/0890-037X(2003)017[0028:IORCCA]2.0.CO;2
Rouphael Y, 2017, J APPL PHYCOL, V29, P459, DOI 10.1007/s10811-016-0937-x
Salim AA, 2004, J NAT PROD, V67, P1591, DOI 10.1021/np0498612
Sen Zeng R, 2008, ALLELOPATHY IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY, P39
Shafique S, 2007, PAK J BOT, V39, P2619 .
SHAHID M, 2006, AFRICAN CROP SCI C P, V8, P209
Singh A, 2009, PLANT GROWTH REGUL, V58, P163, DOI 10.1007/s10725-009-9364-1
Sodaeizadeh H, 2010, IND CROP PROD, V31, P385, DOI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2009.12.006
Sultana N, 2010, Z NATURFORSCH B, V65, P203, DOI 10.1515/znb-2010-0218
Tamak J. C., 1994, Crop Research (Hisar), V8, P180
Terzi I, 2008, AFR J BIOTECHNOL, V7, P1870
Terzi I, 2003, BIOL PLANTARUM, V47, P317, DOI 10.1023/B:BIOP.0000022275.87770.81
Thankamani V, 2011, INT J PHARM RES DEV, V3, P172
Uddin MR, 2014, PEST MANAG SCI, V70, P252, DOI 10.1002/ps.3550
Wang CM, 2014, J CHEM ECOL, V40, P90, DOI 10.1007/s10886-013-0376-y
Wang F, 2009, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, V70, P650, DOI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.03.007
Wang XX, 2016, ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R, V23, P8731, DOI 10.1007/s11356-016-6119-1
Weir TL, 2004, CURR OPIN PLANT BIOL, V7, P472, DOI 10.1016/j.pbi.2004.05.007
Xu CP, 2015, SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM, V183, P39, DOI 10.1016/j.scienta.2014.12.004
Yamauchi K, 2004, CR BIOL, V327, P791, DOI 10.1016/j.crvi.2004.07.012
[杨期和 YANG Qihe], 2005, [生态学杂志, Chinese Journal of Ecology], V24, P1459
Yu JQ, 2003, BIOCHEM SYST ECOL, V31, P129, DOI 10.1016/S0305-1978(02)00150-3