Melike ÇETİNBAŞ, Sinan BUTAR

Hasat Öncesi ReTain (Aminoethoxyvinylglycine, AVG) Uygulamalarının ‘Williams’ Armut Çeşidinde Hasat Önü Dökümü ve Meyve Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri

‘Williams’ armudu Türkiye’nin Eğirdir bölgesinde üretimi fazla olan kaliteli bir çeşittir. ReTain (% 15 aminoetoksi-vinilglisin, AVG), hasat önü meyve dökümünün kontrolünde, meyve ağırlığı ve meyve eti sertliğinin artırılmasında kullanılmakta olan bir bitki büyüme düzenleyicisidir. Bu çalışma, ‘Williams’ armudunda hasat önü meyve dökümü ve meyve kalitesi üzerine AVG uygulamalarının etkilerini incelemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla, tahmini hasat zamanından (THZ) 30, 21 ve 7 gün önce 0, 100, 125, 150 mg L -1 dozlarında AVG armut ağaçlarına püskürtme şeklinde uygulanmıştır. Hasat önü meyve dökümü, verim, olgunluk, hasat tarihinin gecikmesi, meyve kalitesi, meyvelerin etilen üretimi ve solunum hızları hasat zamanında incelenmiştir. Hasat edilen meyvelerin kalite parametreleri olarak meyve çapı, meyve ağırlığı, meyve eti sertliği, meyve rengi, suda çözünebilir kuru madde, titre edilebilir asitlik ve meyvelerde makro-mikro elementler analiz edilmiştir. THZ 30 ve 21 önce uygulanan AVG uygulamaları ile meyve olgunluğu kontrol grubuna ve THZ 7 önce uygulanan AVG uygulamalarına göre 3-4 gün gecikmiştir. AVG uygulamaları ile hasat önü meyve dökümü % 38-100 arasında oldukça azalmış olup meyve boyutu (% 7-10), ağırlığı (% 26-41) ve meyve sertliği de (% 2-16) artmıştır. AVG uygulamaları meyvelerdeki etilen üretimi ve solunum hızını da kontrol grubuna göre neredeyse % 100 yavaşlatmıştır. Sonuç olarak, ‘Williams’ armut çeşidinde, gerek hasat önü meyve dökümü, gerekse hasat zamanı ve meyve kalitesi bakımından THZ 30 ve 21 gün önceki 100 mg L -1 ’lik uygulamaların en uygun uygulamalar olduğu tavsiye edilmektedir.

Pre-harvest Application of ReTain (Aminoethoxyvinylglycine, AVG) Influences Pre-harvest Drop and Fruit Quality of ‘Williams’ Pears

‘Williams’ is the highly quality pear cultivar mostly produced in the Eğirdir region of Turkey. ReTain (15% aminoethoxyvinilglycine, AVG) is a plant growth regulator used to control pre-harvest drop and increase fruit weight and firmness. The objective of this study was to determine the responses of AVG treatments on the preharvest drop and fruit quality of ‘Williams’ pear. Pear trees of the cultivar ‘Williams’ were sprayed 30, 21 and 7 days before commercial harvest (DBH) with AVG, at doses of 100, 125 and 150 mg L -1 , and assessed for pre-harvest drop, yield, maturity, delay in harvest, fruit quality, ethylene production and respiration rate at the harvest time. Fruit samples were analyzed for fruit quality parameters which are: fruit width, fruit weight, soluble solids content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), fruit firmness, fruit colour, fruit macro and micro elements content. Maturation ofthe 30 and 21 DBH AVG-treated fruits were delayed 3-4 days compared to the 7 DBH AVG-treated and control groups. The pre-harvest drop decreased with all AVG applications by approximately 38-100% in comparison with the control group fruits. AVG treatments increased fruit size (7-10%), fruit weight (26-41%) and fruit firmness (2-16%) of ‘Williams’ pear. AVG application reduce ethylene production and respiration rate and it was found that the applications enhance the ethylene production and respiration rate by approximately (100%) compared to the control fruits on the harvest date. Results of this study indicated that 30 DBH and 21 DBH AVG-treatments at 100 mg L -1 can be recommended for ‘Williams’ pear cultivar on both pre-harvest fruit drop, as well as in harvest date and fruit quality.

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