Nihat BAYAT

Türkçenin Yabancı Dil Olarak Öğretiminde Şikayet ve Özür Edimine İlişkin Görünümler

Bu araştırmada Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenenlerin şikayet etme ve özür dileme edimlerine ilişkin başvurdukları stratejilerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Betimsel modelde yapılan araştırmanın katılımcıları iki farklı gruptan oluşmaktadır. Birinci grup, TÖMER biriminde Türkçeyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenen 30 kişilik yabancılardan oluşmaktadır. İkinci grup ise anadilinde şikayet ve özür edimlerinde kullanılan stratejileri belirlemek için araştırmaya dahil edilen 25 kişilik Türkçe eğitimi bölümü öğrencileridir. Buna göre katılımcılar 60 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri sekiz maddeden oluşan söylem tamamlama testiyle toplanmıştır. Testte şikayet etme ve özür dileme edimlerine ilişkin dörder madde bulunmaktadır. Katılımcılar testte verilen durumlara bağlı olarak ilgili bağlam içinde şikayet etme ve özür dileme edimlerini yansıtan bir ifade yazmıştır. Çözümleme sürecinde yazılan ifadeler içeriğiyle ilişkili olarak belli bir stratejiyle ilişkilendirilmiştir. İçerik çözümlemesi iki farklı değerlendirmeci tarafından yapılmıştır. Değerlendirmeciler arası uyum .91 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre şikayet edimi için kullanılan stratejiler bakımından anadili konuşucularıyla yabancı öğrenciler arasında önemli farklıların, ancak özür dileme edimi stratejileri açısından da benzerliklerin bulunduğu saptanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar çerçevesinde Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde kültürel ve edimsel boyutlara önem verilmesi önerilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Söz edimi, şikayet, özür, yabancı dil olarak öğretimi

Aspect of Complaint and Apology Performatives in Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language

The aim of this study is to define the strategies used by Turkish language learners for complaining and apologizing. The participants of this descriptive research consist of two different groups. The first one is 29 foreign students attending to TÖMER for learning Turkish at a university in Turkey. The second one implicated in the research to define the complaint and apology strategies in Turkish is 25 native students in Turkish language department at the same university. In the present case, the participants of the study are 59 people. The instrument for the data is a discourse completion test consisting of eight items including four complaint and four apology contexts. The participants wrote an answer for each situation in accord with the contexts. In the analysis process, the statements were linked to one strategy in terms of their contents. The analysis was made by two experts. The conformity percentage is .91. In the results of the study, it is understood that there is a significant difference between the groups in complaint strategies used, but a similarity in apology strategies taken by the participants. Correspondingly, it is recommended that cultural and pragmatic dimensions should be take account more at lectures in teaching Turkish as a foreign language.

Keywords:

Speech act, complaint, apology, foreign language teaching,

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