Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Tedavi Edilen COVID-19 Hastalarının Demografik ve Klinik Özelliklerinin Mortalite Üzerine Etkisinin İncellenmesi: Retrospektif Çalışma

Amaç: COVID-19, asemptomatikten ciddi solunum yetmezliği ve ani ölüme kadar değişen klinik tablolara sebep olabilmektedir. Hastalığın şiddeti yaş, cinsiyet gibi demografik özellikler yanında, komorbidite, aşı durumu gibi birçok faktöre bağlı değişiklik gösterir. Bu çalışmada COVID-19 hastalarında mortalite üzerine etkisi olan bağımsız risk faktörlerinin ortaya konması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada 01.01.2021 ile 01.01.2022 tarihleri arasında yoğun bakım ünitesinde takip edilen COVID-19 tanılı toplam 140 hasta kayıtları incelendi. Hasta yaş, cinsiyet gibi demografik özellikler yanında, komorbidite, aşı durumu ve klinik seyri araştırılarak kaydedildi. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda mortalite ile yaş, toplam invaziv/noninvaziv mekanik ventilasyon desteği aldığı gün sayısı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (sırasıyla p=0,01, p=0,25, p<0,001). CO-RADS skorunun artmasıyla mortalitenin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derece arttığı bulundu (p=0,03). Ayrıca hastaların aşı durumu ile mortalite arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulundu (p=0,03). Sonuç: Sonuç olarak çalışmanın bulguları yaş, invaziv ya da noninvaziv mekanik ventilasyon desteği aldığı toplam gün ve akciğer tutulumu arttıkça mortalitenin de arttığını gösterdi. Ayrıca COVID-19 aşılarının yoğun bakımda yatan hastalardaki mortaliteyi azalttığı bulundu.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

COVİD-19, yoğun bakım, komorbit hastalıklar, COVİD-19 aşı, mortalite

Investigation of the Effect of Demographic and Clinical Characteristics on Mortality of COVID-19 Patients Treated in the Intensive Care Unit: A Retrospective Study

Aim: COVID-19 can cause clinical pictures ranging from asymptomatic to severe respiratory failure and sudden death. The severity of the disease varies depending on many factors such as comorbidity, vaccination status, as well as demographic characteristics such as age and gender. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the independent risk factors that have an effect on mortality in COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: In the study, records of 140 patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 followed in the intensive care unit between 01.01.2021 and 01.01.2022 were examined. Demographic characteristics such as age and gender, comorbidity, vaccination status and clinical course of the patient were investigated and recorded. Results: In our study, a statistically significant difference was found between mortality and age, and the number of days of total invasive/noninvasive mechanical ventilation support (p=0.01, p=0.25, p<0.001, respectively). It was found that mortality increased statistically significantly with the increase in the CO-RADS score (p=0.03). In addition, a statistically significant correlation was found between the vaccination status of the patients and mortality (p=0.03). Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings of the study showed that the mortality rate increased as age, duration of invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation support and lung involvement increased. It was also found that COVID-19 vaccines reduce mortality in patients hospitalized in intensive care.

Keywords:

COVID-19, intensive care, comorbid disease, COVID-19 vaccine, mortality,

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