Bulanık Anahtarlama Algoritması ile DTC Kontrollü Asenkron Makine için İyileştirilmiş Tork ve Hız Performansları

Doğrudan moment kontrolü, stator akı vektörünün istenilen yörüngede kontrolü esasına dayalı bir vektör kontrol yöntemidir. Stator akı vektörünün kontrolü, optimum evirici çıkış gerilim vektörlerinin doğrudan seçimi ile sağlanmaktadır. Stator akı vektörünün dönüşünde belirlenen yörüngenin sınır değerleri, histerezis denetleyicilerin kullanımı ile belirlenir. Bu çalışmada, doğrudan moment denetimi ile denetlenen üç fazlı bir asenkron motorun, hız ve moment salınımlarının azaltılmasına yönelik iki farklı kontrol yönteminin performans analizleri sunulmuştur. Matlab/Simulink tabanlı benzetim çalışmalarında motorun farklı hız ve moment referansları için performans analizleri yapılmış gerek geçici durum ve gerekse kararlı durum hız ve moment değişimleri karşılaştırmalı olarak sunulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar incelendiğinde, geleneksel denetimde kullanılan PID kontrolörü yerine sunulan yeni bulanık tabanlı denetleyici performansının motor hız ve moment salınımlarının spesifik şartlarında belirgin ölçüde azalma sağlandığı görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte, doğrudan moment denetleyicinin denetim yapısı dikkate alındığında, basit ve sade denetim yapısı korunmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre FL kontrolörün PID kontrolöründen daha iyi bir sonuç verdiği t=4.5 saniyesinde gösterilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Asenkron motoru, DTC, FL, PID kontrolör

Improved Torque and Speed Performances for DTC Controlled Asynchronous Machine By Fuzzy Switching Algorithm

Direct Torque Control (DTC) is a vector control method based on the control of the stator flux vector in the desired direction. The control of the stator flux vector is achieved by direct selection of the optimum inverter output voltage vectors. The limit values of the trajectory determined in the rotation of the stator flux vector are determined using hysteresis controllers. In this study, performance analysis of two different control methods for reducing speed and torque oscillations of a three-phase asynchronous motor controlled by direct torque control are presented. In Matlab/Simulink based simulation studies, performance analyses were made for different speed and torque references of the motor, and both the transient and steady state speed and torque changes were presented comparatively. When the obtained results are examined, it is seen that the performance of the new fuzzy-based controller, which is offered instead of the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller used in traditional control, significantly decreases in the specific conditions of motor speed and torque oscillations. However, considering the control structure of the direct torque controller, the simple and plain control structure has been preserved. According to the results obtained, it has been shown that the Fuzzy Logic (FL) controller gives a better result than the PID controller at t=4.5 seconds.

Keywords:

Asynchronous machine, DTC, FL, PID controller,

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