Yaratıcı Kentler ve Kentsel Yetenek Üzerine Bir Tartışma1

Günümüzde pek çok alanda yaşanan gelişim ve dönüşüm süreci, kentlere de yansımakta ve süreklilik arz eden bu süreçte insanı merkeze alan bir anlayış ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bu anlayışta kentlerin yaratıcı bireylere daha çok önem vermesi ve bu bireylerin kendini gerçekleştirerek daha inovatif ürünler üretebilmesi için onları motive edecek ortamlar oluşturulması söz konusu olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada yaratıcı bireylerin - yaratıcı kentler üzerindeki etkisi tartışılarak kentsel yeteneğin keşfinin sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda öncelikle yaratıcı endüstri, yaratıcı birey/sınıf ve yaratıcı kent kavramları ele alınmaktadır. Ardından bunların karşılıklı etkileşimleri sonucunda ortaya çıkan "kentin yeteneği" kavramı üzerinde durulmakta ve bu noktada kentsel kimlik olgusunun önemi vurgulanmaktadır.

A Discussion on Creative Cities and City Talent

Development and transformation process which is going on in many areas nowadays reflects on the cities and a sense which takes person to central point comes into prominence in this continuous period. In this sense, cities' giving more importance of creative individuals and creating environments that will motivate them to product more innovative products by realizing themselves come into question. In this study, providing of discovery of city talent is aimed by discussing creative individuals on creative cities. Accordingly, creative industry, creative individual/class and creative city concepts are studied firstly. Then, "talent of city" concept which arises as a consequence of mutual interactions of these is focused and in this point, importance of urban identity concept is stressed.

PDF

___

ACRE - Accommodating Creative Knowledge Competitiveness of European Metropolitan Regions within the Enlarged Union (2007). A Literature Review from a European Perspective, University of Amsterdam Asheim, B., Cooke, P. ve Martin, R. (2008) Clusters and Regional Development: Critical Reflections and Explorations. Economic Geography. 84 (1): 109-112.
Bebchuk, L. A. ve Roe, M. J. (1999). A Theory of Path Dependence in Corporate Ownership and Governance. Stanford Law Review. 52 (1): 127- 170.
Belleflamme, P., Picardb, P. ve Thisse, J. F. (2000). An Economic Theory of Regional Clusters. Journal of Urban Economics. 48 (1): 158-184.
Bonjte, Marco ve Musterd, Sako (2009) Creative Industries, Creative Class and Competitiveness: Expert Opinions Critically Appraised. Geoforum, 40 (5): 843-852.
Chapain, Caroline and Comunian, Roberta (2009) Creative cities in England: researching realities and images. Built Environment, 35, (2), 220-237.
Demir, Cüneyd (2006). "Kent Kimliği Geliştirme Sürecinde Mekânsal Model Tasarımı ve Kent Plancılarının Rolü", Planlama, 2006/3,s. 117-122.
Dopfer, K. (1991). Toward a Theory of Economic Institutions: Synergy and Path Dependency. Journal of Economic Issues. 25 (2): 535-550.
Edvinsson, Leif (2006) Aspects on the city as aknowledge tool. Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 10. no.5, 6-13.
Eickelpasch, A., Lejpras, A. ve Stephan, A. (2007). Hard and Soft Locational Factors, Innovativeness and Firm Performance: An Empirical Test of Porter's Diamond Model at the Micro-Level. Discussion papers German Institute for Economic Research, No. 723. Erişim tarihi: 02.06.2015
https://www.econstor.eu/dspace/ bitstream/10419/27247/1/550045295.PDF Es, Muharrem (2007); "Kentlilik Bilinci ve Yerel Siyaset", Yerel Siyaset Sempozyum Bildirileri (8 Aralık 2007), Okutan Yayıncılık, İstanbul, s.91-114.
Flew, Terry (2013) Creative Industries - A New Development Pathway, http://terryflew.com/2014/03/creative-industries-a-new-developmentpathway.html, (03.08.2015)
Florida, Richard L. (2002). The Rise of Creative Class: and How It's Transforming Work,Leisure, Community and Everday Life. New York: Basic Books.
Florida, Richard L. (2006). The Flight of the Creative Class: The New Global Competition for Talent. Liberal Education, Summer 2006. http://www.aacu.org/liberaleducation/le-su06/le-su06_feature3.cfm, (03.08.2015)
Hall, Peter (2004) Creativity, Culture, Knowledge and the City. Built Environment, 30, 256-258.
Hunt, S. D. ve Morgan, R. M. (1996). The Resource-Advantage Theory of Competition: Dynamics, Path Dependencies, and Evolutionary Dimensions. Journal of Marketing. 60 (4): 107-114.
Gertler, Meric S. (2004) Creative Cities: What Are They For, How Do They Work, and How Do We Build Them?, Canadian Policy Research Networks, Background Paper F-48, http://www.cprn.org/documents/31348_en.pdf, (03.08.2015)
Keskin, H. ve Dulupçu, M. A. (2012). Kümelenmeler: Bir Literatür İncelemesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 15 (1): 441-461.
Küçüker, C. (2012). Endüstriyel Kümelenme Yaklaşımları: Bir Değerlendirme. Türkiye Ekonomi Kurumu Tartışma Metni, No. 2012/13. Erişim tarihi: 02.06.2015 http://tek.org.tr/dosyalar/balkanlar6.pdf
Landry, Charles (2004) A Creative City A Toolkit for Urban Innovators, Comedia Earthscan Publications, London Sterling, VA.
https://books.google.com.au/books?hl=en&lr=&id=0zEEMxe96tMC&oi=fnd& pg=PA1&ots=xNSkdRV3XP&sig=2X2Mx6Mk4SYFPfQLoQAAapLBIGU#v=o nepage&q&f=false, (03.08.2015)
Murphy, E. ve Redmond, D. (2009). The role of 'hard' and 'soft' factors for accommodating creative knowledge: insights from Dublin's 'creative class'. Irish Geography. 42 (1): 69-84.
Musterd, Sako, Julie Brown, Jane Lutz, John Gibney ve Alan Murie, (2010) Making Creative-Knowledge Cities A Guide for Policy Makers, Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research (AISSR), University of Amsterdam.
Rantisi, N.M., D. Leslie and S. Christopherson (2006). Placing the creative economy: Scale, politics, and the material. Environment and Planning, 38 (10): 1789-1797.
Trip, Jan Jacob (2007) Assessing Quality of Place: A Comparative Analysis of Amsterdam and Rotterdam, Vol. 29, No. 5, 501-517.
UNCTAD - United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2008). Creative Economy Report, http://unctad.org/en/Docs/ditc20082cer_en.pdf, (08.07.2015)
http://sehirkimligi.com/sehir-kimligi.html, (28.08.2015)
http://www.tarihikentlerbirligi.org/kent-kimligi-ve-kentlilik-bilinci-egitimitamamlandi/, (28.08.2015)