Fehiman EMİNER

Küreselleşmenin KİT’lerin Ekonomideki Payına Etkisi

Küreselleşme, dünyada sınır maliyetlerinin azalması ve serbestleşmenin ekonomiye hakim olmasıyla rekabetin artmasını ifade etmektedir. Bu nedenle devletin ekonomik faaliyette bulunması küreselleşmenin doğasına uygun olmayacak ve haksız rekabet yaratacaktır. Küreselleşmenin önem kazandığı 1980’li yıllar aynı zamanda özelleştirmenin öne çıktığı bir dönemin de başlangıcı olmuştur. Özelleştirme küreselleşmenin en önemli enstrümanlarından biri olarak özellikle 1990’lı yıllarda dünya genelinde Kamu İktisadi Teşebbüslerinin önemli ölçüde özele devredilmesini sağlamıştır. KİT’lere yapılan en önemli eleştiri etkinliği sağlayamayarak kıt kaynakların israf edilmesi olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bu anlayışı benimseyen neoliberal politikalar doğrultusunda KİT’ler özelleştirildikçe devletin ekonomideki payı veya üretimdeki payı da giderek azalacak ve etkinlik sağlanarak rekabette avantaj yakalanacaktı. Çalışma, küreselleşmenin hakim olduğu yaklaşık 40 yılda özelleştirmelerle KİT’lerin üretimdeki payı açısından gelinen durumu gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler açısından değerlendirmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Küreselleşme, KİT’ler, Özelleştirme, Devletin büyüklüğü, Etkinlik

The Impact of Globalization on the Economic Share of SOE’s

Globalization refers to increasing competition with lowering border cost and higher degree of liberalization. For that reason the economic production of state is not accepted and if state intervenes to the economy it will result with imperfect competition. When globalization has gain importance around the world in 1980’s, privatization has become the most effective instrument to maintain an important volume of privatization of SOE’s after 1990’s. One of the most important criticisms on SOE’s is the inefficiency and the waste of scarce economic resources. According to the neoliberal policies that supports the inefficiency of SMO’s, privatization will decrease the size of state production and increase the efficiency which will result with higher competitiveness. The impact of globalization in the last 40 years will be analyzed with comparison of data between developed and developing countries.

Keywords:

Globalization, SOE’s, Privatization, Size of the State, Efficiency,

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