Mustafa YAŞAR, Mehmet SEZGİN

Farklı Çevre Şartlarında Yetiştirilen Yağlık Ayçiçeği Genotiplerinin AMMI Analizi ile Genotip x Çevre İnteraksiyonlarının İncelenmesi

Genotip, çevre interaksiyonu diğer bitkilerde olduğu gibi ayçiçeği bitkisinde de verimi sınırlayan önemli bir faktördür. Çoklu çevre şartlarında yetiştiriciliği yapılan yağlık ayçiçeği genotiplerinden elde edilen tane verimi bakımından AMMI analizi kullanılarak genotiplerin stabilite durumları incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma; toplam on iki yağlık ayçiçeği genotipi ile altı lokasyonda iki yıl (2016 ve 2017) süre ile tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre dört tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. AMMI analizi ile en stabil genotipler ve özel çevrelere uyumlu genotipler belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. AMMI analizi ile kareler ortalamasının % 73.5 ile en fazla çevreden, % 19.5 ile interaksiyondan ve % 7.0 ile genotipten etkilendiği tespit edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre G3, G8 genotiplerinin oldukça stabil oldukları ve bu çeşitlerle birlikte G4, G6, G7, G9 ve G10 genotipleri ortalamanın üzerinde bir verime, G1 genotipinin oldukça düşük verime sahip olduğu ve G9, G10 ve G11’in stabilite çizgisinden oldukça uzakta konumlandıkları ve dolayısıyla stabil olmadıkları anlaşılmıştır. AMMI analizi ile çevreler değerlendirildiğinde E5’in en elverişli ve yüksek verimli olduğu, bu çevre ile birlikte E10 ve E11’in ortalama verimin üzerinde bir verim ile sonuçlandığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca yapılan sektör analizinde ise G4 ve G6’nın E3, E4, E7, E10 ve E11 çevrelerde, G8, G7 ve G1’nun E1, E2, E5, E6 E8 ve E12 çevrelerde, G2 ve G9’un ise sadece E9 çevresinde yüksek performans sergiledikleri ve spesifik olarak bu çevrelerde önerilirken G1 ve G5 gibi diğer genotipler ise çevrelerle ilişkilendirilmemiştir. Sonuç olarak AMMI analizi ile görsel olarak en stabil ve yüksek verimli genotipler belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

AMMI, Ayçiçeği, verim, interaksiyon, stabilite

Investigation of Genotype x Environment Interactions by AMMI Analysis of Oilseed Sunflower Genotypes Grown in Different Environmental Conditions

Genotype-environment interaction is an important factor limiting yield in sunflower as in other plants. Stability of the genotypes was investigated by using AMMI analysis in terms of seed yield obtained from oil sunflower genotypes grown under multi-environmental conditions. This work; The study was carried out with a total of twelve oil sunflower genotypes in six locations for two years (2016 and 2017) in a randomized block design with four replications. The most stable genotypes and genotypes compatible with special environments were tried to be determined by AMMI analysis. With AMMI analysis, it was determined that the mean of squares was affected by the environment with 73.5%, interaction with 19.5% and genotype with 7.0%. According to the results of the analysis, the G3, G8 genotypes are quite stable and together with these varieties, the G4, G6, G7, G9 and G10 genotypes have a seed yield above the average, the G1 genotype has a very low seed yield, and the G9, G10 and G11 are located quite far from the stability line. therefore, they were found to be unstable. When the environments were evaluated with AMMI analysis, it was determined that E5 was the most suitable and highly productive, and together with this environment, E10 and E11 resulted in a seed yield above the average yield. In addition, in the sector analysis made, it is seen that G4 and G6 are high in E3, E4, E7, E10 and E11 circles, G8, G7 and G1 are high in E1, E2, E5, E6 E8 and E12 circles, and G2 and G9 are only high in E9 circles. performance and were specifically recommended for these environments, while other remaining genotypes such as G1 and G5 were not associated with environments. As a result, visually the most stable and high yielding genotypes were determined by AMMI analysis.

Keywords:

Sunflower, yield, interaction, stability, AMMI,

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