Muhsin Selçuk SATIR, Abdurrahman Yağmur TOPRAKLI

Ankara-Altındağ bölgesindeki 18 tarihi caminin yangın tahliye risklerinin nitel ve nicel analizi

Camiler, kullanıcı yükü en yüksek olan bina tiplerinden biri olması ve çıkışta ayakkabı alma hareketi gibi çıkışı yavaşlatan özellikler bulundurması nedeniyle tahliye bağlamında ayrı değerlendirilmesi gereken binalardır. Bu nedenle camilerin acil durumda tahliye planlanması daha da önem kazanmaktadır. Camilerin tahliye etkinliğindeki önemine rağmen konu hakkında yapılmış akademik çalışmalar sınırlıdır. Tarihi camiler özelinde yapılmış bu çalışmada, seçilen camilerin yangın tahliye risk değerlerinin ortaya konması amaçlanmaktadır. Oluşturulan modelin varyasyonlarının konut ve işyerleri için de oluşturulması, tahliye riski bulunan yapıların tespit edilip iyileştirilmesine olanak sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Evacuation, Historical Mosques, Risk Analysis, Egress, Fire

PDF

___

[1] Ng, C.M.Y., Chow, W.K., A brief review on the time line concept in evacuation, International Journal on Architectural Science, 7 (1), 1-13, 2006.
[2] Nassar, K., Bayyoumi, A., A simulation study of the effect of Mosque design on egress times, Winter Simulation Conference, Berlin-Germany, 1230-1237, December, 2012.
[3] Liu, Q., A social force model for the crowd evacuation in a terrorist attack, Physica A, (502), 315-330, 2018.
[4] Oven, V.A., Cakici, N., Modelling the evacuation of a high-rise office building in Istanbul, Fire Saf. J., 44 (1), 1-15, 2009.
[5] Lovreglio, R., Kuligowski, E., Gwyne, S., Boyce, K., A pre-evacuation database for use in egress simulations, Fire Saf. J., 105, 107-128, 2019.
[6] McConnell, N.C., Boyce, K.E., Shields, J., Galea, E.R., Day, R.C., Hulse, L.M., The UK 9/11 evacuation study: Analysis of survivors’ recognition and response phase in WTC1, Fire Saf. J., 45 (1), 21-34, 2010.
[7] Proulx, G., Evacuation time and movement in apartment buildings, Fire Saf. J. 24 (3), 229–246, 1995.
[8] Wang, S.H., Wang, W.C., Wang, K.C., Shih, S.Y., Applying building information modeling to support fire safety management, Autom. Constr., 59, 158–167, 2015.
[9] Sujatmiko, W., Dipojono, H.K., Soelami, 4th International Conference on Sustainable Future for Human Security, Performance-based fire safety evacuation in high-rise building flats in Indonesia – a case study in Bandung, Kyoto-Japan, 116-125, 18-21 October, 2013.
[10] Satır, M.S., Topraklı, A.Y., A Review of Evacuation of High-Rise Buildings, Gazi University Journal of Science Part B: Art Humanities Design and Planning, 8 (1), 553–563, 2020.
[11] Binaların Yangından Korunması Hakkında Yönetmelik, Turkiye, 2007.
[12] Topraklı, A.Y., Sedihemaiti, S., Ağraz, G., Evaluation of evacuation problem of modern Ottoman classical period mosques types, Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 34 (4), 2261-2270, 2019.
[13] Top, S.M., Topraklı, A.Y., Camilerde Panik Durumunun Değerlendirilmesi Üzerine Derleme Çalışması, 6 (38), 1555–1565, 2019.
[14] Alginahi, Y., Mudassar, M., Kabir, M.N., Tayan, O., Analyzing the Crowd Evacuation Pattern of a Large Densely Populated Building, Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 44 (4), 3289–3304, 2019.
[15] Alighadr, S., Fallahi, A., DEM Evaluation of Evacuation Behavior: A Case Study of The Mosque of ASMU, Journal of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, 18 (1), 47–58, 2016.
[16] Haimes, Y.Y., Risk Modeling, Assessment, and Management, Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey, 2009.
[17] M. Persson, Qualitative Risk Analysis Procedure for the Fire Evacuation of a Road Tunnel, (Report 5096) Lund University, 2002.
[18] Ramachandran, G., Charters, D., Quantitative Risk Assessment in Fire Safety, First Edition, CNR Press LCC, New York, 2011.
[19] İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi İtfaiye Daire Başkanlığı İstatistikleri, İstanbul, 2020.
[20] National Fire Protection Association - NFPA 101 - Life Safety Code, U.S.A., 2018.
[21]Ma, J., Lo, S.M., Song, W.G., Cellular automaton modeling approach for optimum ultra high-rise building evacuation design, Fire Saf. J., 54, 57–66, 2012.
[22] Nemire, K., Johnson, D.A., Vidal, K., The science behind codes and standards for safe walkways: Changes in level, stairways, stair handrails and slip resistance, Appl. Ergon., 52, 309–316, 2016.
[23] Understanding the Approved Document, Building and Construction Authority, 2018.
[24] Thackeray, T., Evaluating Occupant Load Factors for Business Operations, Bachelor Thesis, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, 2012.
[25] First in Architecture. Average Male and Female Dimensions Heights. https://www.firstinarchitecture.co.uk/average-male-and-female-dimensions/. Erişim tarihi Kasım 4, 2020.