Süleyman ÖZEREN, Hüseyin CİNOĞLU

Classical schools of sociology and terrorism

Terörizmi anlama yöntemlerinden belki de en az kullanılanı onun sosyolojik bir gözlükle kavramsallaştırılmasıdır. Psikiyatri, psikoloji, siyaset bilimi ve sosyal psikoloji gibi disiplinlerin terörizmi anlamada sosyolojiye oranla daha yoğun çalışmalarının bulunduğu mevcut literatürde açıkça görülebilmektedir. Bu makalede bu açık daha çok makro bir perspektifle ve sosyolojinin en temel kuramları kullanılarak doldurulmaya çalışılmıştır. İşlevselci, çatışmacı ve sembolik etkileşimci kuramlar ayrı ayrı terörizm fenomenine uygulanmış ve elde edilen soyut çıktılar terörizm olgusunu daha sosyolojik anlamamada kullanılmıştır. Terörün bireysel ve sosyal yaşantımızın bir parçası olduğu neredeyse bir önkabul şeklini almıştır. Bundan hareketle, onun sosyolojik analizinin terörizmi döngüsel olarak oluşturan sosyal nedenleri daha etkin öğrenmede kolaylıklar sağlayacağı da bu makalede ulaşılan önemli bulgulardandır.

Klasik sosyoloji ekolleri ve terörizm

Maybe one of the least utilized disciplines in our ongoing efforts to better conceptualize terrorism has been sociology. Within the existing literature, it has been clearly visible that psychiatry, psychology, political science and social psychology, etc. accommodate a lot more researches and studies on terrorism than sociology. This article is a humble attempt to fill that gap using mostly macro level approaches and sociology's basic theoretical paradigms. Functionalism, conflict and symbolic interactionism were separately applied to the phenomenon of terrorism and the resulting arguments have been used to better understand it from a more sociological viewpoint. Moving from the unfortunate prerequisite suggesting terrorism as one of the inseparable aspects of our modern individual and social life, it has been established that with the sociological understanding of terrorism we will be able to effectively identify the underlying social reasons to it. This will pave the way for more effective long term solutions.

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