Zeynep CEYLAN, Şahin KORKMAZ

Ekosistemde Mikrokirletici Özellik Gösteren Atık İlaçların Sıfır Atık Kapsamında Toplanıp Bertarafı : Sürdürülebilir Model Bir Çalışma

Mikrokirleticilerin (EDCs etkisi yüksek) oldukça geniş bir bölümünü oluşturan atık ilaçlar; ekosistem için çok tehlikeli olup bilindiği gibi konvansiyonel arıtma tesislerinde yeterince arıtılamadığı için tekrar yüzeyel ve yer altı sularına deşarj edilerek içme sularına ve toprağa geçmek suretiyle ekosistem ve insan sağlığını tehdit etmektedir. Bu mikrokirtecilerin (mk) ekosistem içindeki döngüleri esnasında oluşan metabolit ürünleri de aynı derecede hatta bazen daha toksik ve tehlikeli olabilmektedir. Sıfır atık politikası çerçevesinde en etkin ve uygulanabilir metodun kirleticilerin kaynakta kontrol edilmesi gerçeğinden hareketle bu önemli soruna daha kalıcı ve sürdürülebilir bir çözüm bulma adına yaptığımız çalışmada, Erzurum merkezde bulunan Atatürk Üniversitesi Kampüsü pilot uygulama alanı seçilmek suretiyle değişik faktörler gözetilerek belirlenmiş beş farklı noktaya özel tasarlanmış Atık İlaç Toplama Konteynırları yerleştirilmiştir. Toplanan atık ilaçlar mevsimsel peryotlarda ( 3 ayda bir) boşaltılarak, bakanlıktan lisanslı ve akredite bir tehlikeli atık ara depolama firması üzerinden İZAYDAŞ’a yakmaya gönderilmiştir.Birinci üç aylık süreçte (Yaz mevsimi) toplam 190,75 kg, ikinci üç aylık süreçte (Sonbahar mevsimi) toplam 261,40 kg, üçüncü üç aylık süreçte (Kış mevsimi) toplam 310,70 kg ve dördüncü üç aylık süreçte ise (İlkbahar mevsimi) toplam 260,80 kg olmak üzere bir yıllık peryotta toplam 1023,65 kg atık ilaç toplanarak imhası sağlanmıştır. Toplanan veriler mevsimsel değişimlere göre istatistiki SPSS programı ile (One Way ANOVA) detaylı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Tüm bunların yanı sıra sosyal bilinçlendirme ve farkındalık çalışmaları da (makalede detayları sunulmuş) son hızla devam etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Waste Medication, Micropollutant, Waste Medication Collection Containers, Hazardous Waste, Social Awareness

Sustainable Model Study: Collection and Disposal of Waste Medications with Micropollutant Properties in the Ecosystem within the Scope of Zero Waste

Waste medications forming a very broad portion of micropollutants (with high EDC effects) are known to be very dangerous for the ecosystem and are not sufficiently treated in conventional treatment facilities leading to discharge into surface and underground water, threatening the ecosystem and human health as they pass into drinking water and soil. The metabolite products formed during cycles of these micropollutants (MP) in the ecosystem may be toxic and dangerous to the same degree or even more. Within the framework of zero-waste policies, this study was completed with the aim of finding a more permanent and sustainable solution to this important problem based on the most effective and applicable method of controlling these pollutants at the source. Ataturk University campus located in Erzurum was chosen as a pilot application area and specially-designed Waste Medication Collection Containers were placed at five different points determined by observing different factors. Waste medications collected from the containers were emptied in seasonal periods (once in 3 months) and sent to IZAYDAS for incineration through a ministry-licensed and accredited hazardous waste intermediate storage company.A total of 190.75 kg was collected during the first 3-month period (summer season), with 261.40 kg collected during the second 3-month period (autumn season), 310.70 kg collected during the third 3-month period (winter season) and 260.80 kg collected in the fourth 3-month period (spring season). A total of 1023.65 kg of waste medication was collected and destroyed during the one-year period. Data collected were analyzed with the SPSS statistical program (one-way ANOVA) according to seasonal changes. In addition, social information and awareness studies (details presented in article) continue at a rapid rate.

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