Fibromiyaljide güncel ilaç tedavisi

Fibromiyalji (FM); kronik ağrı, yorgunluk ve fonksiyon bozukluğu ile karakterize bir hastalıktır. Genetik yatkınlık beraber çevresel ve psikolojik faktörlerde hastalığın oluşumda etkili olabilir. Serotonin ve katekolaminlerin ileti bozukluğu FM’de ağrı mekanizmasında rol oynar. İlaç tedavisi ağrıyı azaltmaya ve diğer semptomların iyileşmesine odaklanır. Hastalığın tedavisinde eğitim, bilişsel davranışçı terapi, egzersiz gibi ilaç dışı tedaviler ve farmakolojik tedavilerin yer aldığı çok yönlü yaklaşım gereklidir. FM’de tedavi, hastanın semptomlarının sayısına ve çeşitliliğine göre, tek bir uzman veya bir takım (romatoloji uzmanı, nöroloji uzmanı, psikiyatri uzmanı) tarafından yapılır. Farmakolojik tedavide en sık antidepresanlar (amitriptilin, siklobenzaprin, duloksetin, milnasipran) ve antikonvülsanlar (pregabalin, gabapentin) kullanılır. Uluslararası FM tedavi önerileri temel olarak aerobik egzersiz, bilişsel-davranışçı terapi ve amitriptilin gibi ilaç tedavisi yapılmasına odaklanmaktadır.

Current drug treatment in fibromyalgia

Fibromyalgia (FM), a disorder characterized by widespread chronic musculoskeletal pain, fatigue and dysfunction. Together with the genetic predisposition, it may be effective in the emergence of the disease in environmental and psychological factors. The aim of drug therapy in fibromyalgia is to reduce pain and improve other symptoms. Nonpharmacological therapies like cognitive behavioral therapies, training, exercise and pharmacologic therapies need versatile approach. Fibromyalgia treatment is performed by a single specialist or a team (rheumatologist, neurologist, and psychiatrist) according to the number and variety of the patient's symptoms. In pharmacological treatment, antidepressants (amitriptyline, cyclobenzaprine, duloxetine, milnacipran) and anticonvulsants (pregabalin, gabapentin) are most commonly used. International fibromyalgia treatment recommendations focus mainly on aerobic exercise, cognitive-behavioral therapy and drug therapy such as amitriptyline.

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