Nursel AŞAN BAYDEMİR

7225

COVID-19 SALGININDA YARASALAR VE YABAN HAYATI

İnsanoğlu Aralık 2019 tarihinde Çin’de ortaya çıkan ve hızla yayılış gösteren yeni bir virüsle karşılaşmıştır. COVID-19 pandemisine neden olan ve SARS-CoV-2 olarak adlandırılan bu koronavirüsün kaynağı olarak birçok insan yarasaları suçlarken bazıları da virüsün bir ara konak ile bulaştığını iddia edip pangolini suçlu bulmuşlardır. COVID-19 insandan insana geçerek yayılan bir salgındır. Bu derlemede yaban hayatı özellikle yarasaların SARS-CoV-2 ve insanlar ile ilişkisini inceleyen çalışmalar özetlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler:

COVID-19, yarasa, yaban hayatı

Bats and Wildlife in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Human being encountered a new virus that emerged in December 2019 in China and spread rapidly. While many people blame bats as the source of this coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2, which causes the COVID-19 pandemic, some convicted the pangolin by claiming that the virüs was transmitted by an intermediate host. COVID-19 is a pandemic that spreads from person to person. In this review, studies examining the relationship of wildlife especially bats with SARS-CoV-2 and human, are summarized.
Keywords:

COVID-19, bats, wildlife,

PDF

___

  • Afelt, A., Frutos, R., Devaux, C., (2018). “Bats, Coronaviruses and Deforestation: Toward the emergence of novel infectious diseases?”. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9, 1-7.
  • Anthony, S.J., Johnson, C.K., Greig, D.J., Kramer, S., Che, X., Wells, H., Hicks, A.L., Joly, D.O., Wolfe, N.D.,Daszak, P., Karesh, W., Lipkin, W.I., Morse, S.S., PREDICT Consortium, Mazet, J.A.K., Goldstein, T., (2020). “Global Patterns in Coronavirus Diversity”. Virus Evolution, 3, 1-15.
  • Bats without borders (2020). http:// www.batswithoutborders.org (22.09.2020).
  • Bat Conservation Trust (2020). http://www. bats.org.uk/about-bats/what-are-bats (14.09.2020).
  • Benvenuto, D., Giovanetti, M., Ciccozzi, A., Spoto, S., Angeletti, S., Ciccozzi, M., (2020). “The 2019 new coronavirus epidemic: Evidence for virus evolution”. J. Med. Virol, 92, 455-459.
  • Bloomfield, L.S.P., McIntosh, T.L., Lambin, E. F., (2020). “Habitat fragmentation, livelihood behaviors and contact between people and nonhuman primates in Africa”. Landscape Ecology, 39, 985-1000.
  • Conservation org. (2020). “Impact o COVID-19 on natüre”. http://www.conservation.or/stories/impact-of-COVID-19-on natüre (16.09.2020)
  • Cui, J., Li, F., Shi, Z., (2019). “ Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses”. Nature Reviews Microbiology,17, 181-192.
  • Fan, Y., Zhao, K., Shi, Z., Zhou, P., (2019). “Bat Coronoviruses in China”. Viruses, 11, 1-14.
  • Fenton, M.B., Simmons, N., (2014): “Bats, A World of Science and Mystery”. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  • Gibb, R., Redding, R.W., Chin, K.O., Donnelly, C.A., Blackburn, T., Newbold T., Jones, K.E., (2020). “Zoonotic host diversity increases in human-dominated ecosystems”. Nature, 1-25.
  • Gryseels, S., Bruyn, L.D., Gyselings, R., Calvignac,-Spencer, S., Leendertz, F.H., Leirs, H., (2020). “Risk of Human to Wildlife Transmission of SARS-CoV-2”. Reprints, 2020050141 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202005.0141.v1).
  • Hayman, D.T.S., (2019). “Bat tolerance to viral infections”: Nature Microbiology, 4, 729-279.
  • Humane Society International (2020). “Wildlife markets and COVID-19”.
  • IUCN (2009). “Toothless laws fail toothless anteaters”. https:// www.iucn.org/content/toothless-laws-fail-toothlessanteaters (08.01.2021)
  • Latinne, A., Hu, B., Olival, K.J., Zhu, G., Zhang, L., Li, H., Chmura, A.A., Field, H.E., Zambrana-Torrelio, C., Epstein, J.H., Li, B., Zhang, W., Wang, L.F., Shi, Z., Daszak, P., (2020). “ Origin and Cross-species transmission of bat coronaviruses in China”. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.31.116061.
  • Lau, S.K.P., Luk, H.K.H., Wong, A.C.P., Li, K.S.M., Zhu, L., He, Z., Fung, J., Chan, T.T.Y., Fung, K.S.C., Woo, D.C.Y., (2020). “ Possible Bat Origin of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2”. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 26, 1542-1547.
  • Lu, R., Zhao, X., Li, J., Niu, P., Yang, B., Wu, H., Wang, W., Song, H., Huang, B., Zhu, B., Bi, Y., Ma, X., Zhan, F., Wang, L., Hu, T., Zhaou, H., Zhenhong, H., Zhou, W., Zhao, L., Chen, J., Meng, Y., Wang, J., Lin, Y., Yuan, J., Xie, Z., Ma, J., Liu, W.J., Wang, D., Xu, W., Holmes, E.C., Gao, G.F., Wu, G., Chen, W., Jhi, W., Tan, W., (2020). “Genomic Characterisation and Epidemiology of 2019 Novel Coronavirus: Implications for virüs origins and receptor binding”. The Lancet, 395, 565-574.27
  • Lu, R., Stratton, C.W., Tang, Y.W. (2020). “Outbreak of Pneumonia of Unknown etiology in Wuhan, China. The Mystery and The Miracle”. J. Med. Virol., 92, 401-402.
  • McIntosh, K. (2020). “Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Epidemiology, virology, and prevention. Up to Date.
  • Nabi, G., Siddique, R., Ali, A., Khan, S., (2020). “ Preventing bat-born viral outbreaks in future using ecological interventions”. Environmental Research, 185, 1-2.
  • National Park Service (2020). “Hibernate or Migrate”. https:// www.nps.gov/subjects/bats/hibernate-or-migrate (21.12.2020).
  • Neupane, D., (2020). “How conservation will be impacted in the COVID-19 pandemic”. Wildlife Biology, 1-2.
  • Nunez, G.B., Cunningham, A., Filo, E.M.B., Frick, W., Islam, N., Jollfte, T., Kading, R., Kepel, A., Kingston, T., Leopardi, S., Medellin, R., Mendenhall, I., Parsons, S., Racey, P., Russo, D., Shapiro, J.T., Vicente-Santos, A., Viquez-R., L., Dinh, T.V., (2020). IUCN SSC Bat Specialist Group (BSG) Recommended Strategy for Researchers to Reduce the Risk of Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from Humans to Bats. Living Document Version 1.0. (19 Haziran 2020).
  • Petrosillo, N., Viceconte, G., Ergönül, O., Ippolito, G., Petersen, E., (2020). “COVID-19, SARS and MERS: Are they closely related?” Clinical Biology, 26, 729-734.
  • Robi, F.A., Al Zoubi, M.S., Kasasbeh, G.A., Salamen, D.A., Al-Nassar, A.D., (2020). “ SARS-CoV-2 and Coronavirus Disease 2019: What we know so far?” Pathogens, 9, 1-16.
  • Rothan, H.A., Byrareddy, S.N., (2020). “The epidemiology and pathogenesis of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak”. Journal of Autoimmunity, 109: 102433.
  • Simmons, N.B., Seymour, K.L., Habersetzer, J., Gunnell, G.F., (2008). “Primitive Early Eocene bat from the evolution of flght and echolocation”. Nature Letters, 451, 818-822.
  • Schountz, T., Baker, M.L., Butler, J., Munster, V., (2017). “Immunological control of viral infections in bats and the emergence of viruses highly pathogenic to humans”. Front. Immunol, 8, 1098.
  • Shahrajabian, M.H., Sun, W., Shen, H., Chang, Q., (2020). “Chinese herbal medicine for SARS and SARS-CoV-2 treatment and prevention, encouraging using herbal medicine for COVID-19 outbreak”. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B- Soil & Plant Science, 70, 437-443.
  • Streicker, D.G., Gilbert, A.T., (2020). “Contextualizing bats as viral reservoirs”. Science, 370, 172-173.
  • Teeling, E., Dool, S., Springer, M.S., (2012). “Phylogenies, fossils, and functional genes: the evolution of echolocation in bats”. Evolutionary History of bats (editörler; G.F. Gunnell ve Nancy Simmons). Cambridge University Press, 560 s.
  • Turcios-Casco, M.A., Gatti, R.C., (2020). “Do not blame bats and pangolins!. Global consequences for wildlife conservation after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic”. Biodiversity and Conservation.
  • UNEP/ EUROBATS (2020). Recommendations of the EUROBATS Advisory Committee on potential risks of SARSCoV- 2 transmission from humans to bats. http:// www.eurobats.org (20.11.2020).
  • Wassenaar, T.M., Zou, Y., 2020. 2019nCoV/SARS-CoV-2: Rapid classification of betacoronaviruses and identification of traditional Chienese medicine as potential origins of zoonotic coronaviruses. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 70, 342-348.
  • Valitutto, M.T., Aung, O., Tun, K.Y.N.,Vodzak.M.E., Zimmerman. D., Yu. J.H.,Win, Y.T., Maw, M.T., Thein, W.Z., Win, H.H., Dhanotal, J., Ontiveros, V., Smith, B., Tremeau-Brevard, A., Goldstein, T., Johnson, C.K., Murray, S., Mazet, J., (2020). “Detection of novelcoronaviruses in bats in Myanmar”. PLoSONE 5(4):e0230802. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0230802.
  • Zhang, T., Wu Q., Zhang, Z., (2020). Probable Pangolin origin of SARS-CoV-2 Associated with the COVID-19 outbreak”. Current Biology, 30: 1346-1351.
  • Zhao, H., (2020). “COVID 19 drives new threat to bats in China”. Science, 367, 1436.
Doğanın Sesi-Cover
  • Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 2 Sayı
  • Başlangıç: 2018
  • Yayıncı: Doğa ve Sürdürülebilirlik Derneği
Arşiv
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler

İSTİLACI BİR TÜR, SU MAYMUNU (Myocastor coypus)

Nahit PAMUKOĞLU, Mete TÜRKOĞLU

MİKROPLASTİKLERİN DENİZ ÇEVRESİNDE NEDEN OLDUĞU ETKİLER

Hacer SELAMOĞLU ÇAĞLAYAN, Ülgen AYTAN KOPUZ

DENİZ KAPLUMBAĞASI (Caretta caretta, Chelonia mydas) İZLEME VE KORUMA ÇALIŞMALARI: GÖKSU DELTASI ÖRNEĞİ

Müge MISIRLIOĞLU, Rumeysa TOPER

COVID-19 SALGININDA YARASALAR VE YABAN HAYATI

Nursel AŞAN BAYDEMİR