Nagihan GÜR

J. W. Redhouse’un Kaleminden Osmanlı Şiirinin Unutulmuş Bir Müdafaanamesi: “Turkish Poetry

Bu çalışma, J. W. Redhouse’un “On the History, System andVarieties of Turkish Poetry” (1879) başlıklı makalesini tartış-maya açmaktadır. Bu makale, Josef von Hammer-Purgstall’ınGeschichte der Osmanischen Dichtkunst (1836–8), M. Servande Sugny’nin La Muse Ottomane (1853) ve Dora d'Istria’nınLa poésie des Ottomans (1877) adlı çalışmalarından sonraBatı’da Osmanlı şiirini müstakil olarak ele alan ilk makaledir.Redhouse’un bu makalesi, o dönemde Batı’daki “barbar Türk”imajına bir tepki olarak kaleme alınmıştır. Redhouse, “TurkishPoetry” ile Türklere karşı oluşturulan bu olumsuz algıyı yık-maya çalışırken bir yandan da Osmanlı şiirinin tarihselliğinikonu edinen ilk eleştirel çalışmayı ortaya koymuştur. Redho-use’un “Turkish Poetry” başlıklı makalesinin içeriğinin,söyleminin ve Osmanlı edebiyat tarihi yazınındaki yerinin ana-liz edileceği bu makalede, Batı’daki Osmanlı edebiyatıliteratürünün nasıl bir motivasyonla üretildiği ve Redhouse’unmakalesinin bu literatüre nasıl bir katkı sağladığı ortaya konul-muştur.

A Forgotten Apology of Ottoman Poetry from the pen of J. W. Redhouse: “Turkish Poetry”

This article analyses J. W. Redhouse’s article “On the History, System and Varieties of Turkish Poetry” (1879), the first comprehensive work on Ottoman poetry in the West after the works of Josef von Hammer-Purgstall’s Geschichte der Osmanischen Dichtkunst (1836–8), M. Servan de Sugny’s La Muse Ottomane (1853) and Dora d'Istria’s La poésie des Ottomans (1877). Redhouse’s ar- ticle responded to the negative representation of Turks who were portrayed as “barbarians” by certain writers of his time. Redhouse aims to change these negative perceptions of Turks and thereby puts forward the first critical study on the historiography of Ottoman poetry. In this piece, I examine the context and discourse of Redhouse’s “Turkish Poetry”. I will also examine the main motivations of the Western literary corpus on Ottoman literature and the contribution of Redhouse’s article to this corpus.

PDF

___

ALEXANDER, H. Elizabeth (1934), “E. J. W. Gibb.” Transactions of the Glasgow University Oriental Society, 6, 24–29.
ALİ AZİZ EFENDİ (1884). The Story of Jewad. E J. W. Gibb (Çev.). Glasgow: Wilson& McCormick.
AYÇİÇEĞİ, Bünyamin (2019). “İbn Kemâl’in Yavuz Mersiyesi ve Tahir Ol- gun’un Şerhi.” Türk Kültürü İncelemeleri Dergisi, 40, 417-450.
BİSAHA, Nancy (2004), “The New Barbarian: Redefining the Turks in Classi- cal Terms”. Creating East and West: Renaissance Humanists and the Ottoman Turks, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 70 - 78.
BOWEN, Harold (1945), British Contributions to Turkish Studies. Londra: Bri- tish Council’s Code Name: Turkish Studies.
BROWNE, Edward G. (1912), “Gibb, Elias John Wilkinson”. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press.
CHODZKO, Alexander (1842), Specimens of the Popular Poetry of Persia, as Fo- und in the Adventures and Improvisations of Kurroglou, the Bandit - Minstrel of Northern Persia, and in the Songs of the People Inhabiting the Shores of the Caspian Sea. London: Printed for the Oriental Transla- tion Fund of Great Britain and Ireland.
CHEW, Samuel C. (1937), The Crescent and the Rose, Islam and England during the Renaissance. New York: Oxford University Press.
ÇIRAKMAN, Aslı (2001), "Tyranny to Despotism: The Enlightenment's Unen- lightened Image of the Turks". International Journal of Middle East Studies, C. 33, No: 1, 49-68.
ÇİÇEKTAKAN, Nazım Can (2014), “Great Britain and the Ottoman Empire: British Discourses on the 'Ottomans’, 1860-187”. Doktora Tezi, Es- sex Üniversitesi.
CLARK, N. G. (1878), The Gospel in the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Riverside Press.
CLOUSTON, W. A. (ed.) (1881), Arabian Poetry for English Readers. Glasgow, Privately Printed.
DAVİSON, Roderic H. (1981), “The Image of Turkey in the West, in Historical Perspective”. Turkish Studies Association Bulletin, Cilt: 5, Nu: 1, 1-6.
DAVİSON, Roderic H. (1993), “Türklerin Batı’daki Tarihsel İmajı”. Tarih ve Toplum Cilt: 19, Sayı: 109, 34-38.
D’HERBELOT, Barthé lemy vd (1777), Bibliothè que orientale, ou Dictionnaire universel contenant tout ce qui fait connoî tre les peuples de l'Orient. La- hey: J. Neaulme & N. van Daalen.
EL-KHAZREJİYY, ‘Aliyyu’bnu’l-Hasan (1906), The Pearl-Strings; A History of the Resûliyy Dynasty of Yemen. (J. W. Redhouse, Çev), (E. G. Browne, R. A. Nicholson ve A. Rogers, Ed.), London: Luzac.
EL-SHANFARA (1881), The L-Poem of The Arabs. J. W. Redhouse (Çev.). Londra: Trübner & Co.
ERKOÇ, Seda (2016), “Dealing With Tyranny: Fulke Greville’s Mustapha in the Context of His Other Writings and of His View on Anglo-Otto- man Relations”. Osmanlı Araştırmaları / The Journal of Ottoman Studies, XLVII, 265-290.
FİNDLEY, Carter. V. (1979), “The Making of a Perfect Orientalist?”. Journal of the American Oriental Society. Vol. 99/4, 573-600.
FİNDLEY, Carter. V. (1998), “Sir James W. Redhouse (1811-1892) Mü- kemmel Bir Doğu Bilimcinin Öyküsü”. Nuray Şimsek (Çev.). Kebikeç. Sayı 6, 211-245.
FİNDLEY, Carter. V. (2007), “Redhouse, Sir James William”. Diyânet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi, Cilt: 34, 52.
GİBB, E. J. W. (1882), Ottoman Poems. London: Trübner.
GİBB, E. J. W. (2013), A History of Ottoman Poetry I-IV. E. G. Browne (Ed.). Gibb Memorial Trust. Oxford: Oxbow Books. 2013.
GİBB, E. J. W. (1888), “Ottoman Literature”. The Story of the Nations: Turkey. Assisted by E. J. W. Gibb and Arthur Gilman. London: T. Fisher Unwin.
GÜR, Nagihan (2018a), “J. W. Redhouse ve E. J. W. Gibb’in Entelektüel Pay- laşımları ve Osmanlı Kültürünü Anlama Çabaları”. Hacettepe Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi 29, 103-124.
GÜR, Nagihan (2018b), “The Reading Processes of a Scottish Ottomanist: E. J. W. Gibb and his Young Ottoman sources, Middle Eastern Literatures, 21:2-3, 171-205. https://doi.org/10.1080/1475262X.2019.1576478
GÜR, Nagihan (2019), “İngiliz Gazete Arşivinde Osmanlı Şiirinin İzlerini Sür- mek” (1835-1900). Erdem İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi, Sayı 76, 139-162. DOI: 10.32704/erdem.572887.
HAMMER-PURGSTALL, J. (1836–1838), Geschichte der Osmanischen Dicht- kunst bis auf unsere Zeit, 4 vols. Peşte: Conrad Adolph Hartleben’s Verlag.
ISTRIA, Dora d'. (1877), La poé sie des Ottomans. Paris: Maisonneuve.
KHOJA SA’D-UD-DÎN (1879), The Capture of Constantinople. (E. J. W. Gibb, Çev.). Glasgow: Thomas Murray&Son.
KUMRULAR, Özlem (Haz.) (2005), Dünyada Türk İmgesi. İstanbul: Kitap Ya- yınevi.
KURAN-BURÇOĞLU, Nedret (2010), “A Glimpse at Various Stages of the Evolution of the Image of the Turk in Europe: 15 th and 21 st Centu- ries.” Historical Image of the Turk in Europe, 15 th Century to the Present. Ed. Mustafa Soykut. Istanbul: The Isis Press. 21-37.
MEVLÂNÂ JELÂLU-D-DİN MUHAMMED, ER-RÛMÎ (1881), The Mesnevî. J. W. Redhouse (Çev.). London: Trübner & Co., Ludgate Hill.
OKUYUCU, Cihan (2007), “Osmanlı Şiiri Hakkında Yüzyıllık Bir Batı Kay- nağı: GIBB’in A History of Ottoman Poetry’si.” Türkiye Araştırmaları Literatür Dergisi 9, 601-616.
REDHOUSE, J. W. (1877), A Vindication of the Ottoman Sultans Title of Caliph. Londra.
REDHOUSE, J. W. (1878), On the Significations of the Term ‘The Turks’. Read June 19th, 1878. Reprinted from the Transaction of the Royal Society of Literature. Vol. XI, Part III, New Series.
REDHOUSE, J. W. (1879), On the History, System and Varieties of Turkish Poetry. London: Harrison and Son.
REDHOUSE, J. W. (1880), Lexicon, Redhouse’s Turkish Dictionary. Londra: Ber- nard Quaritch.
SAİD, Edward. (2016). Şarkiyatçılık: Batı’nın Şark Anlayışları. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
SUGNY, M. Servan de (1853), M. Edouard. La Muse Ottomane, Ou Chef D’oeuvre De La Poésie Turque. Paris: Joel Chervuliez.
TUNCER, Harun (2012), “Doğu ile Batı Arasında Bir Köprü: James William Redhouse”. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üni- versitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
WASÎFÎ ENDERÛNÎ (1881), A Mother’s Advice to Her Daughter and The Wild Daughter’s Undutiful Reply: The Humorous Turkish Poems. J. W. Red- house (Çev.). Privately Printed.
WELLS, Charles (1891), The Literature of the Turks: A Turkish Chrestomathy. London: Bernard Quaritch.
WOODHEAD, Christine (2004), “Gibb, Elias John Wilkinson”. Oxford Dictio- nary of National Biography, Oxford University Press.
British Library, Add Ms 35,229.
Cambridge Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi, Add 4251/1164.
http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/tycho.htm
https://arxiv.org/abs/1003.3836 3836 (E.T.: 15.10.2018).
http://www.turkedebiyatiisimlersozlu- gu.com/index.php?sayfa=detay&detay=6798 (E.T.: 27.06.2019).
http://www.turkedebiyatiisimlersozlu- gu.com/index.php?sayfa=detay&detay=2840 (E.T.: 18. 12.2018).
http://www.turkedebiyatiisimlersozlu- gu.com/index.php?sayfa=detay&detay=7534 (E.T.: 18. 12.2018).
http://www.turkedebiyatiisimlersozlu- gu.com/index.php?sayfa=detay&detay=3298 (E.T.: 18. 12.2018).
http://www.turkedebiyatiisimlersozlu- gu.com/index.php?sayfa=detay&detay=1003 (E.T.: 18.12.2018).
http://www.turkedebiyatiisimlersozlu- gu.com/index.php?sayfa=detay&detay=3880 (E.T.: 18.12.2018).
http://www.turkedebiyatiisimlersozlu- gu.com/index.php?sayfa=detay&detay=6375(E.T.: 18. 12.2018).
http://www.turkedebiyatiisimlersozlu-gu.com/index.php?sayfa=detay&detay=958 (E.T.: 18.12.2018).
http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/33382 (E.T.: 20.08.2018) Allgemeine Zeitung, Nu: 194, 13 Temmuz 1877.
https://digipress.digitale-sammlungen.de/view/bsb00085370_00181_u001/1 (E.T.: 19.11.2018).
The Morning Post, 13 Şubat 1879. https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/titles/morning-post(E.T.:05.02.2019).