Nonfonksiyone böbrekte nefrektominin en sık sebebi: Ürolitiyazis
Amaç: Kliniğimizde nefrektomi yapılan hastaları değerlendirerek, ürolitiyazise sekonder non-fonksiyone böbre- ğe bağlı nefrektomi yapılan hastaların karakteristiklerini sunmayı amaçladık. Yöntemler: Ocak 2000- Aralık 2012 tarihleri arasında kliniğimizde nefrektomi yapılan toplam 696 hasta retrospektif olarak incelendi. Tümör dışı, üriner sistem taşına bağlı non-fonksiyone böbrek nedeniyle nefrektomi yapılan hastaların etiyolojileri ve klinik karakteristikleri değerlendirildi. Hastaların tanılarını doğrulamada üriner sistem ultrasonografi, batın bilgisayarlı tomografi, intravenöz ürografi ve renal sintigrafi tetkikleri kullanıldı. Bulgular: Toplam 696 hastanın 280i (%40,2) tümör nedeniyle, 416sı (%59,8) ise non-fonksiyone böbrek nedeniyle nefrektomi yapıldı. Non-fonksiyone böbrek vakalarının %43,8 (182) ini üst üriner trakt taşları oluşturmaktaydı. Ürolitiyazise bağlı nefrektomi yapılan hastaların yaş ortalaması 43,7±16,9 idi. Hastaların 97si (%53,3) erkek, 85i (%46,7) bayan idi. Hastaların preoperatif ortalama kreatin değeri 0,98±0,47 mg/dl olarak tespit edildi. Taşlar 148 (%81,3) hastada renal pelviste üreteropelvik bileşkede, 26 (%14,3) hastada üreterde, 8 (%4,4) hastada ise renal+üreter yerleşimli idi. Renal pelviste üreteropelvik bileşkedeki taşların %66,8ini 10-30 mm arası taşlar oluş- turmakta idi. Sonuç: Üst üriner trakt taşları tümör dışı nefrektomilerin büyük bölümünü oluşturmakla birlikte, non-fonksiyone böbrek gelişiminde primer ana faktördür. İleride oluşabilecek muhtemel organ kayıplarını önlemek için ürolitiyazis öyküsü olan hastaların düzenli üriner sistem muayenesi yaptırmaları önerilmelidir.
The most common cause of non-functioning kidney nephrectomy: Urolithiasis
Objective: Our aim is to evaluate and present the characteristics of patients underwent nephrectomy due to nonfunctional kidney secondary to urolithiasis in our clinic. Methods: Totally 696 patients were anlyzed retrospectively who underwent nephrectomy in our clinic between January 2000 and December 2012. Etiologies and characteristics of nephrectomy applied patients due to nontumoral non-functional kidney related with urinary tract stones are evaluated. Diagnoses of the patients were confirmed by using urinary system ultrasonography, abdominal computed tomography, intravenous urography and renal scintigraphy. Results: Nephrectomy was performed for 280 (40.2%) patients due to tumor formation and for 416 (59.8%) patients due to non-functional kidney of totally 696 patients. 43.8% (182) of non-funtional kidney cases were resulted by upper urinary tract stones. Mean age of nephrectomy performed urolithiasis patients were 43.7±16.9 years. 53.3% (97) of patients were male and 46.7% (85) patients were female. Preoperative mean creatinine value of patients were detected 2.98±0.47 mg/dl. Renal stone localizatian was ureteropelvic junction in 81.3% (148), ureter in 14.3% (26) and renal+ureter in 4.4% (8) of the patients. 66.8% of ureteropelvic junction stones were 10-30 mm in size. Conclusion: Upper urinary tract stones are primer responsible of non-functional kidney development besides forming most of the non-tumor related nephrectomies. Routine urinary system examination should be suggested to patients with a history of urolithiasis in order to prevent later probable organ losses.
___
- 1. Kavoussi LR, Novick AC, Partin AW, et al. Open surgery of the kidney. In: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Novick AC, Partin AW, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier, 2007.
- 2. Robson CJ, Churchill BM, Anderson W. The results of radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma. J Urol 1969;101:297-301.
- 3. Skinner DG, Colvin RB, Vermillion CD, et al. Diagnosis and management of renal cell carcinoma. A clinical and pathologic study of 309 cases. Cancer 1971; 28:1165-1177.
- 4. Tanagho EA. Urinary obstruction and stasis. In: Tanagho EA, McAninch JW, eds. Smiths General Urology. 17th ed. New York. The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2008, p 166.
- 5. Kavoussi LR, Novick AC, Partin AW, et al. Pathophysiology of urinary tract obstruction: General issues in management of patients. In: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Novick AC, Partin AW, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier, 2007
- 6. Mao S, Jiang H, Wu Z, et al. Urolithiasis: the most risk for nephrectomy in nonrenal tumor patients. J Endourol 2012;26:1356-1360.
- 7. Yasui T, Iguchi M, Suzuki S, et al. Prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of urolithiasis in Japan: National trends between 1965 and 2005. Urology 2008;71:209-213.
- 8. Sandberg K. Mechanisms underlying sex differences in progressive renal disease. Gend Med 2008;5:10-23.
- 9. Silbiger SR, Neugarten J. The impact of gender on the pro- gression of chronic renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis 1995;25:515-533.
- 10. Silbiger S, Neugarten J. Gender and human chronic renal disease. Gend Med 2008; 5(suppl A): S3-S10.