Bengü PALA, Murat ÜNALACAK, İLHAMİ ÜNLÜOĞLU

Child maltreatment: Abuse and neglect

Dünyada her yıl milyonlarca çocuk fiziksel, cinsel ve duygusal zorbalığa hedef veya şahit olarak maruz kalmaktadır. Çocuklara kötü muamele kurbanların fizik ve mental sağlığı, iyilik durumu ve gelişimi üzerinde hayat boyu süren ve sonuçta genel olarak topluma da ciddi etki eden büyük yaygın bir sorundur. Çocukların bakımı ile ilgilenen aile hekimleri olasılıkla çocuk istismarı ile karşılaşacaklardır ve çocuk istismarının genel belirtilerini tanımaları gerekir. Çocuk istismarının önlenebileceğine dair yeterli kanıt mevcuttur. Esas amaç çocuk istismarını başlamadan durdurmaktır. Bu yazıda, çocuk istismarı yapan ve istismara maruz kalanların tipik özellikleri, istismar tipleri, ayırıcı tanı ve önlem için uygulanacak stratejiler özetlenmiştir.

Çocuklara kötü muamele: İstismar ve ihmal

Each year, millions of children around the world are the victims and witnesses of physical, sexual and emotional violence. Child maltreatment is a major global problem with a serious impact on the victims’ physical and mental health, well-being and development throughout their lives and, by extension, on society in general. Family physicians who are involved in the care of children are likely to encounter child abuse and should be able to recognize its common presentations. There is sufficient evidence that child maltreatment can be prevented. The ultimate goal is to stop child maltreatment before it starts. In this paper, the characteristics of the perpetrators and victims of child maltreatment, maltreatment types, risk factors, differential diagnosis and discuss about strategies for preventing were summarized.

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