Gülçin BÜYÜKÖZKAN, Merve GÜLER, Esin MUKUL

AKILLI ULAŞIM SİSTEMLERİNİN STRATEJİK ANALİZİ

Ulaşım, bir ülkenin ekonomik kalkınmasını ve refahını etkileyen en kritik faktörlerden biridir. Etkili ulaştırma sistemleri pazarlara, işlere ve yatırımlara erişimi kolaylaştırarak sosyoekonomik fırsatlar ve faydalar yaratmaktadır. Küreselleşme ve ekonomik büyüme ile beraber ulaşım sektörü de hızlı bir değişim göstermektedir. Bilgi ve teknolojinin hızla gelişmesiyle birlikte, daha kaliteli, daha hızlı, daha güvenli ve daha rahat ulaşım talepleri ön plana çıkmaktadır. Öte yandan, otomotiv endüstrisinin gelişmesiyle birlikte artan araç trafiği yoğunluğu; tıkanıklığa, gecikmelere, seyahat süresinin uzamasına, kaynak tüketiminin artmasına, çevresel sorunlara ve kazalara neden olmaktadır. Ulaşım sistemlerinin bu olumsuz sonuçlarını azaltmak ve kullanıcı taleplerini karşılamak için sistemlerin daha verimli, etkili, güvenli ve ekonomik olacak şekilde tasarlanması gerekmektedir. Bu sorunların giderilmesi ve taşımacılık hizmetlerinde artan talebin etkin, güvenli ve çevreci bir şekilde karşılanması amacıyla bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri kullanılarak geliştirilen Akıllı Ulaşım Sistemleri (AUS) özellikle bilgiye daha hızlı ve etkin bir şekilde erişmeyi sağlayarak, ekonomik, çevresel ve toplumsal açıdan sürdürülebilir çözümler sunmaktadır. Çok sayıda çelişkili amacı ve birçok farklı kriteri bünyesinde barındırdığı için AUS’un analizi oldukça karmaşıktır. Çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) bu tür problemleri çözmek için yaygın olarak kullanılan güçlü bir araçtır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ÇKKV yöntemleri kullanarak AUS’un stratejik analizini yapmaktır. Önerilen metodolojide, AUS değerlendirme kriterleri bulanık Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHP) metodu ile ağırlıklandırılmakta ve bulanık EDAS (Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution) metodu ile en uygun AUS stratejisi seçilmektedir. Son bölümde, önerilen metodolojinin kullanım potansiyelini göstermek için bir uygulama sunulmaktadır.

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

Transportation is one of the most critical factors affecting the economic development andwelfare of a country. Effective transport systems create socio-economic opportunities andbenefits by facilitating access to markets, jobs, and investments. Moreover, transportation showsa rapid change in today's world of globalization and economic growth. With the rapiddevelopment of information and technology, the demand for higher, faster, safer, and morecomfortable transportation is emphasized. On the other hand, with the development of theautomotive industry, increased vehicle traffic volumes cause congestion, delays, travel time,resource consumption, environmental problems, and accidents. Systems need to be designed tobe more efficient, effective, safe, and economical to reduce these adverse outcomes oftransportation systems and meet user demands. For this reason, the concept of "IntelligentTransportation Systems (ITS)" has emerged. ITS provide economic, environmental, and sociallysustainable solutions, in particular by ensuring that information is accessed quickly andefficiently. The analysis of ITS are very complicated since it has many conflicting objectivesand many different criteria. Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) is a powerful tool widelyused for solving this type of problems. Therefore, in this study, we aim to propose a strategicanalysis of ITS by using MCDM methods. In the proposed methodology, ITS criteria areweighted with fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy Evaluation Based onDistance from Average Solution (EDAS) is used to select the most appropriate ITS strategy.Finally, an application is provided to demonstrate the potential use of the proposedmethodology.

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